What is an Intrauterine Device (IUD)?

The intrauterine method of birth control is different. Intrauterine simply means "inside the uterus". In this method, a physician carefully places a flexible plastic device with a copper wire inside the uterus. At the bottom of the IUD is a polyethylene string. Since the IUD is shaped to fit snugly into the uterus, you never feel it.

How does it work?

The copper wire changes the chemistry within the uterus and prevents the sperm from fertilizing the egg. It can stay in the uterus for up to five (5) years. Interestingly, the IUD is also used for "emergency contraception" to prevent ovulation within seven days of unprotected sex. While the precise mechanism of action of copper IUDs is still not certain, most likely the primary action is preventing the egg and sperm from meeting. The IUD may also interfere with the implantation of a fertilized egg.

How effective is it?

Although hormonal methods are considered to be the most reversible, reliable methods of birth control, the IUD has proven to be highly effective (98%) at preventing pregnancy.

Are there side effects?

Sometimes. These may include:

• periods that are heavier or more painful than usual
• increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease during the 3 months after insertion

An IUD may be ideal for you if:

• you want a contraceptive method that is reliable
• you are at low-risk of contracting a sexually transmitted disease (STD)
• you are breastfeeding
• you do not want to use hormonal methods such as the pill

It may not be for you if:

• you plan to have multiple sexual partners
• you suffer from a health condition that affects your immune system
• you are allergic to copper
• you have heavy and/or painful periods